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A schema is a collection of database objects such as tables and indexes. A schema is owned
by a database user and has the same name as that user. Many people use the words schema
and user interchangeably.
Once you have installed PHP and want to write scripts that interact with Oracle, you need
to connect as the owner of the schema that contains the objects you want to interact with. For
example, to connect to the HR schema, you would use the username hr in PHP’s connection
string.
Some of the most common schema objects are:
* Tables
* Indexes
* Views
Although you may have more than one database per machine, typically a single Oracle
database contains multiple schemas. Multiple applications can use the same database without
any conflict by using different schemas. Instead of using a CREATE DATABASE command for
new applications, use the CREATE USER command to create a new schema in the database. In
Oracle Database Express Edition (known as “Oracle XE”) there is a wizard to create new
users in the Application Express management console.